Manan, Nur Afiqah (2023) Comparison of two different drying methods on phytochemical content, antioxidant properties, and anti-inflammatory activity of Melicope pteleifolia. Masters thesis, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.

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Abstract

Melicope pteleifolia (Champ. ex Benth) T.G.Hartley, which is a member of the Rutaceae family and locally known as tenggek burung, is one of the most common medicinal herbs found in Peninsular Malaysia and other Asian countries. This herbal plant contains various nutrients that have been practiced by the local population. The different drying methods were studied because they have an important effect on plant compounds and lead to the best drying method for an herbal industry. To evaluate the effect of drying methods on Melicope pteleifolia quality, the content of bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory activity of M. pteleifolia dried leaves through oven drying (40˚C) and vacuum drying (60˚C/30 mbar, 60˚C/70 mbar, 75˚C/30 mbar, and 75˚C/70 mbar) were compared. Vacuum drying (60˚C/30 mbar, 60˚C/70 mbar, 75˚C/30 mbar, and 75˚C/70 mbar) showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory activity. Meanwhile, the increase in temperature of vacuum drying potent in increment of the phytochemical compound of M. pteleifolia with significant difference (p < 0.05) was evidenced with 166.61 mg GAE/g, 35.52 mg QE/g, 168.46 mg TAE/g, and 95.67%, respectively to TPC, TFC, TTC, and TTeC, although lower in TSC (81.73%). However, the lower temperature resulted in high antioxidant with significant difference in DPPH (IC50 18.39), ABTS (IC50 38.42), FRAP (192.99 mg TEAC/g), and anti-inflammatory activity at 250 μg/ml (96.73%). This study provides evidence on how drying processes affect the content and activity of M. pteleifolia bioactive compounds. The selection of a specific drying method for ‘tenggek burung’ leaves can now be chosen based on the intended application such as the preparation of functional foods as well as nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products enriched in bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, and anti-inflammatory activity

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